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• 1 、List commonly used TCP and UDP ports and the functions of their applications
• 2、How to understand the port?
• 3
  、Where are those ports in the system?

List commonly used TCP and UDP ports and the functions of their applications

Port number 53 (DNS): In addition to DNS services over TCP, UDP is also commonly used for DNS queries because UDP is usually faster than TCP, although it does not provide error correction and retransmission mechanisms. Port number 67 (DHCP Client): In DHCP, the client uses UDP port 67 to send requests to the server. Port number 68 (DHCP Server): The DHCP server uses UDP port 68 to respond to client requests.

2. Detailed explanation of common port numbers, TCP and UDP: Common port numbers Well-known ports: These port numbers are occupied by systems or well-known applications and are used for commonly used services. For example: HTTP: The default port 80/TCP is used. FTP: Use port 21/TCP. Registration ports: These port numbers are reserved for specific applications and used to register services. This part of the port number can be dynamically allocated by the application.

3. Support temporary IP allocation: Suitable for mobile devices or temporary network access scenarios, IP addresses can be allocated and recycled on demand. Supplementary note: The UDP protocol itself has no connection and unreliable, and is suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements but allowing a small amount of packet loss (such as video streaming and online games). The services corresponding to the above ports are all designed based on UDP's lightweight features.

4. TCP/UDP53: The port used by the DNS service. During the domain name resolution process, the UDP protocol is used for fast queries, and the TCP protocol is used to handle large DNS responses or zone transfers. TCP25: The default port for the non-encrypted SMTP protocol, used to send external e-mails, but due to the lack of encryption, there is a security risk. TCP110: The default port of the non-encrypted POP3 protocol, which is used by the outside to receive emails. It also poses a security hazard due to lack of encryption.

5. In-depth analysis: Detailed explanation of TCP and UDP port numbers and protocol characteristics At the transport layer of data communication, the Socket interface provides a bridge for network data transmission for applications through port numbers. Well-known port numbers range from 1 to 1023, and these are well-known ports used for common services such as HTTP (default 80/TCP) and FTP (21/TCP).

How to understand the port?

1. Port is an important concept in network technology. It is divided into physical ports and logical ports. Logical ports play an important role in the TCP/IP protocol and are used to distinguish different network services or applications. Understanding the concept and role of ports helps us better understand the principles and security risks of network communication, and take corresponding measures to protect network security.

2. In network technology, port has two roughly meanings: one is a port in the physical sense, such as the interface used by ADSL Modem, hub, switch, router to connect to other network devices, such as RJ-45 port, SC port, etc. The second is the port in the logical sense, which generally refers to the port in the TCP/IP protocol. The port number ranges from 0 to 65535, such as port 80 for browsing web services, port 21 for FTP services, etc.

3. Port, a term often mentioned in computer networks, refers to both sockets at the physical level and data channels at the logical level. Physical ports, such as the sockets on the back of the chassis, are real hardware devices that function just like doors in the real world, such as school gates, car doors, and teaching building doors. They are physical entities.

Where are those ports in the system?

1. Use netstat command On Windows systems, you can use netstat command to check the current TCP/IP network connection and open ports. Windows XP: Click "Start"-"Programs"-"Attachments"-"Command Prompt" to enter the DOS window. Enter the command netstat -na and enter enter to display the connection status of the local machine and the port opened.

2. Open the computer [Desktop], click the [Start] menu, then select [Run](shortcut key win+R), then type "cmd", press [Enter] or click the [OK] button. Open the [Command Prompt] interface, enter ipconfig at the command prompt, and press [Enter] to clearly see your ip address.

3. The Win10 system can view all open ports as follows: Open the CMD command line interface and search through Xiaona: In Win10 system, you can use Cortana voice assistant to search. Just say "Open CMD" or "Command Prompt" into the microphone, and Xiaona will automatically search and open the CMD program for you. Open through attachments: You can also find CMD programs in Windows attachments under all programs.